scholarly journals ADULT PHYLLOPHAGA EPHILIDA HOST PLANT FEEDING PREFERENCE

2006 ◽  
Vol 89 (3) ◽  
pp. 391-395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aboubacar Diagne ◽  
Richard N. Story ◽  
Abner M. Hammond
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Feeding Preference ◽  
Plant Feeding

scholarly journals The race goes on: A fall armyworm-resistant maize inbred line influences insect oral secretion elicitation activity and nullifies herbivore suppression of plant defense

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saif ul Malook ◽  
Xiao-Feng Liu ◽  
Wende Liu ◽  
Jinfeng Qi ◽  
Shaoqun Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Plant Defense ◽  
Host Plant ◽  
Inbred Line ◽  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Fall Armyworm ◽  
Defense Responses ◽  
Feeding Preference ◽  
Maize Inbred Line ◽  
Oral Secretion

Fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) is an invasive lepidopteran pest with strong feeding preference towards maize (Zea mays). Its success on maize is facilitated by a suite of specialized detoxification and manipulation mechanisms that curtail host plant defense responses. In this study, we identified a Chinese maize inbred line Xi502 that was able to mount effective defense in response to fall armyworm attack. Comparative transcriptomics analyses, phytohormonal measurements, and targeted benzoxazinoid quantification consistently demonstrate significant inducible defense responses in Xi502, but not in the susceptible reference inbred line B73. In 24 hours, fall armyworm larvae feeding on B73 showed accelerated maturation-oriented transcriptomic responses and more changes in detoxification gene expression compared to their Xi502-fed sibling. Interestingly, oral secretions collected from larvae fed on B73 and Xi502 leaves demonstrated distinct elicitation activity when applied on either host genotypes, suggesting that variation in both insect oral secretion composition and host plant alleles could influence plant defense response. These results revealed host plant adaptation towards counter-defense mechanisms in a specialist insect herbivore, adding yet another layer to the evolutionary arms race between maize and fall armyworm. This could facilitate future investigation into the molecular mechanisms in this globally important crop-pest interaction system.

Influence of Host Plant Species and Fertilization Regime on Larval Performance and Feeding Preference of the Redbacked Cutworm and the Pale Western Cutworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

2019 ◽  
Vol 113 (2) ◽  
pp. 731-741
Author(s):  
Ronald E Batallas ◽  
Maya L Evenden
Keyword(s):  
Larval Development ◽  
Host Plant ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Feeding Preference ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
Economic Damage ◽  
Larval Performance ◽  
Crop Species ◽  
Wheat Seedlings ◽  
Redbacked Cutworm

Abstract The redbacked cutworm, Euxoa ochrogaster (Guenée), and the pale western cutworm, Agrotis orthogonia (Morrison), are generalist pests that cause sporadic economic damage to several annual crops in the Canadian Prairies. Early larval instars feed on foliage, whereas mature larvae eat into the stem and sever crop seedlings. Here, we evaluate the influence of annual crop species and host fertilization on the larval performance and feeding preference of both cutworm species. Performance is the ability of an insect to reach its maximum growth potential. The first set of experiments evaluated larval development and preference on canola (Brassica napus L. [Capparales: Brassicaeae]), field peas (Pisum sativa L. [Fabales: Fabaceae]), and spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L. [Cyperales: Poaceae]). The redbacked cutworm had higher performance on canola and peas, while the pale western cutworm had higher performance on wheat. In multiple-choice feeding experiments, the redbacked cutworm consumed more canola, whereas the pale western cutworm consumed more spring wheat. The third set of experiments evaluated larval development on fertilized and unfertilized seedlings of canola and spring wheat seedlings. When fed unfertilized seedlings, the redbacked cutworm had better performance on canola than spring wheat, whereas pale western cutworm had better performance on spring wheat than canola. Fertilizer application enhanced the performance of both cutworms regardless of the crop species. Despite their generalist feeding behavior, both cutworm species have a larval feeding preference for the host plant on which they achieve high performance. Canola-cereal cropping is a common crop rotation schedule in the region; however, this tactic will not negatively impact cutworm performance.

scholarly journals Generalized host‐plant feeding can hide sterol‐specialized foraging behaviors in bee–plant interactions

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 150-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryse Vanderplanck ◽  
Pierre‐Laurent Zerck ◽  
Georges Lognay ◽  
Denis Michez
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Plant Interactions ◽  
Plant Feeding ◽  
Bee Plant

scholarly journals Feeding preferences of Microtheca punctigera (Achard) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) for some Brassicaceae plants in multiple-choice assays

2005 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayres Oliveira Menezes Jr. ◽  
Adriana Yatie Mikami ◽  
André Keiiti Ide ◽  
Maurício Ursi Ventura
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Cabbage ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Multiple Choice ◽  
Petri Dish ◽  
Feeding Preference ◽  
Wild Radish ◽  
Raphanus Raphanistrum ◽  
Insect Management ◽  
Plant Feeding ◽  
Males And Females

Host plant feeding preference is important basic information for the development of insect management strategies. Multiple-choice feeding preference assays were conducted in the laboratory for the chrysomelid beetle, Microtheca punctigera (Achard). Feeding was assessed 72 h after onset of experiments. With one larva per Petri dish, food items comprised watercress, Nasturtium officinale L., arugula, Eruca sativa L., mustard, Brassica juncea Cosson, Chinese cabbage, B. pekinensis (Lour.) Rupr. and wild radish (Raphanus raphanistrum L.). Feeding ranking preferences were Chinese cabbage, mustard, wild radish, arugula and watercress (7.97, 1.85, 0.98, 0.36 and 0.11 mm², respectively). Feeding on Chinese cabbage was 4.31 times more intense than on mustard. The same experiment was repeated with one adult per dish. Responses of males and females were quite similar. Feeding was higher on mustard (87.2 and 142.8 for males and females, respectively). Feeding on arugula (51.5 and 132.7) and Chinese cabbage (51.8 and 89.0) were intermediate. Watercress (22.96 and 39.3) and wild radish (12.03 and 28.4) were the least preferred host plants. In a third experiment, ten larvae per dish were used and spinach, Tetragonia expansa Murr., radish, Raphanus sativus L. and collard, B. oleracea var. acephala L., were also included. Daily larval frequencies on each food were also measured. Feeding was similar on Chinese cabbage and mustard (47.89 and 53.78, respectively). Number of insects was greater on mustard, Chinese cabbage and wild radish. Probable explanations for results and proposals for further investigations are discussed.

scholarly journals Specialization and generalization in the diversification of phytophagous insects: tests of the musical chairs and oscillation hypotheses

2014 ◽  
Vol 281 (1795) ◽  
pp. 20132960 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nate B. Hardy ◽  
Sarah P. Otto
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Niche Breadth ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Model System ◽  
Comparative Approach ◽  
Phytophagous Insects ◽  
Insect Herbivores ◽  
Plant Feeding ◽  
Intense Exploitation ◽  
Daughter Species

Evolutionary biologists have often assumed that ecological generalism comes at the expense of less intense exploitation of specific resources and that this trade-off will promote the evolution of ecologically specialized daughter species. Using a phylogenetic comparative approach with butterflies as a model system, we test hypotheses that incorporate changes in niche breadth and location into explanations of the taxonomic diversification of insect herbivores. Specifically, we compare the oscillation hypothesis, where speciation is driven by host-plant generalists giving rise to specialist daughter species, to the musical chairs hypothesis, where speciation is driven by host-plant switching, without changes in niche breadth. Contrary to the predictions of the oscillation hypothesis, we recover a negative relationship between host-plant breadth and diversification rate and find that changes in host breadth are seldom coupled to speciation events. By contrast, we present evidence for a positive relationship between rates of host switching and butterfly diversification, consonant with the musical chairs hypothesis. These results suggest that the costs of trophic generalism in plant-feeding insects may have been overvalued and that transitions from generalists to ecological specialists may not be an important driver of speciation in general.

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